Re Bob Brody's question, I just tried using SAS with marked text in an open footnote window in XW 4.12 and XY 4.017. In both instances the program saves text from outside the footnote (in my case from the top of the file) rather than the marked excerpt. In years of extensive and varied use it never occurred to me to try this procedure or expect that it would work, since any saving when a footnote window is open automatically closes it. I always go into expanded mode for saving footnote excerpts, and of course that works without a hitch. So does cutting text from an open footnote window and pasting it into a new file (in XY as well as XW). N. Sivin History and Sociology of Science University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-3325, U.S.A. nsivin@xxxxxxxx